By vgreene, 15 December, 2014
By vgreene, 15 December, 2014
By vgreene, 15 December, 2014
(BMJ)—An 84-yo man presented w/ a 5-mo hx of poor oral intake since the death of his wife. He complained of lethargy, dyspnea, epistaxis, and myalgia. Exam: cachexia, purpuric skin lesions over his knuckles, elbows and shins. What is the diagnosis?
Elder abuse
Scurvy
Senile purpura
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Von Willebrand disease
You are correct. Scurvy, which results from vitamin C (ascorbic acid) deficiency was confirmed by dermatology. Vitamin C is used in the synthesis of collagen and neurotransmitters, and helps in dietary iron absorption. Deficiency results in poor wound healing, defective capillary walls, and anemia. S/sx of scurvy include lethargy, purpura, epistaxis, myalgia, dyspnea, spongy gums, and tooth loss. Complications include hemorrhage, neuropathies, immunocompromise, and hepatic and renal failure. The pt was started on ascorbic acid (400 mg/day) and initially improved, but died later of a nosocomial infection.
(BMJ)—A 65-yo Indian man presented w/ throat pain, dysphagia, constipation, and weight loss (<2 kg) over 1.5 mo. Exam: pallor, urticarial rash, epigastric tenderness. Labs: hypochromic, microcytic anemia. Upper endoscopy findings shown. What is the diagnosis?
Foreign body ingestion
Carcinoid syndrome
Crohn disease
Mixed worm infestation
Duodenitis
You are correct. Upper endoscopy showed multiple Ascaris lumbricoides (A) and Ancylostoma duodenale (B) in the upper duodenum. The antiperistaltic migration of these helminths had resulted in dysphagia. The patient’s symptoms resolved after tx w/ albendazole.