Diagnose1 by hx/PE:

¹ Urgency UI is the involuntary loss of urine associated w/ sudden and compelling urge to void. Distinction between stress and urgency UI not always clear, esp in older women. <br><br>
² Nonpharmacologic tx is better than no tx, has large magnitude of effect, and is associated w/ low risk for adverse effects.
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³ Bladder training definition: Behavioral tx that includes extending time between voiding.
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⁴ Low-quality evidence showed that bladder training improves UI vs no tx, but evidence for achieving complete continence is insufficient. Addition of PFMT to bladder training did not improve continence.
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⁵ Exercise/weight loss improved UI in women w/ no evidence of harm; benefits of weight loss extend beyond UI. <br><br>
⁶ Insufficient evidence for resiniferatoxin (an ultrapotent analog of capsaicin) or nimodipine in UI.
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⁷ ADRs were a major reason for tx discontinuation.
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⁸ Pharmacologic therapies were equally effective and had a moderate magnitude of benefit. Pt characteristics (age, race, comorbidities, or baseline UI) did not affect medication outcomes.
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⁹ Antimuscarinic ADRs: Dry mouth, constipation, and blurred vision.
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¹⁰ β3-adrenoceptor agonist ADRs: Nasopharyngitis and GI sx.